Basic Civil Engineering Knowledge for Freshers | Civil Engineering Basics | Civil Engineering Tips for Students | Basic Civil Engineering Concepts

In this Article today we will talk about the Basic Civil Engineering Knowledge for Freshers | Civil Engineering Basics | Civil Engineering Tips for Students | Practical Knowledge of Civil Engineering | Civil Engineer Must Know | QA/QC Civil Engineering Notes

Civil Engineering is one of the oldest and oldest engineering branches and one of the most sought-after career options in engineering. As we all know, civil engineers are everywhere in demand. From municipal work to big construction projects. To become successful in civil engineering, basics knowledge is very much crucial for a civil engineer.

Civil engineers are more in demand in Construction, Real estate, Infrastructure, Projects, Oil and Gas, and other related industries. These are some of the largest and biggest employers all over the world after agriculture. A Civil engineer needs to know basic civil engineering. Basic Civil Engineering Knowledge for Freshers

These Civil engineering basic knowledge skills, qualities, and technical skills are essential for a fresher civil engineer.

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OTHER POSTS:

1. Basic Civil Engineering Knowledge for Freshers before Joining Site

2. Top 100 Interview Questions for Civil Engineer or QC Civil Inspector

3. Practical And Basic Knowledge of Civil Engineering – Civil Engg Basics

4. Curing Concrete – How Log it Takes & How to Cure

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Civil engineer students must improve on their basic knowledge of civil engineering subjects and civil construction basic knowledge. As a fresher civil engineer, it is recommended you should must know about the following 110 Civil Engineering Tips before joining the Site.

101 Point to be Remember as a Fresh Civil Site Engineer Before Joining the Site:

1. RFI means “Request for inspection “
2. Quality means “ To meet the minimum requirements “
3. NCR means “ Non conformance report “
4. CAR means “ Corrective action report “
5. MDR means “ Materials deficiency report “
6. Hold points means “ Not to proceed until approved “
7. 24 hours of inspection is the timing of RFI’s sending in advance
8. Type -1 is the ordinary type of Portland cement with SSA 143
9. Type –V is the sulfate resistant Portland cement with ASTM C 150
10. Silica Fume is the mineral additive not less than 7% by weight of cement with ASTM -1240
11. 2,000 PSI or 14 MPA is the minimum compressive strength of non-structural concrete
12. 4,000 PSI or 28 MPA is the minimum compressive strength of structural concrete
13. 5,000 PSI is the minimum compressive strength of precast concrete
14. The concrete plant scale shall calibrated not less than 3 times in a year
15. 32 deg. C  is the maximum temperature of concrete until used
16. 4 cylinders are the minimum required nos. For strength test
17. 3,7,28 days (1+1+2 cylinders) is the age of the concrete cylinder test
18. 7 days continue to be the minimum curing time
19. 100 mm +/- 25 mm is the slump of concrete
20. Water and Cement ratio is the slump
21. + or – 25% (75mm to 125mm) is the minimum and the maximum slump of concrete
22. 10 rotations are the minimum velocity RPM of a truck mixer before the sample test
23. 1 meter is the maximum interval height of concrete pouring such as column , wall…
24. 90 minutes , 300 revolutions are the maximum times of discharge concrete pouring after batch the concrete
25. Aluminum parts are not allowed in the concrete
26. 7 % (min. 6% of max. 8%) is the pH value of mixing water
27. 1000 ppm (part per million) is the maximum total dissolved solids (TDS) in water used for curing
28. Concrete truck without revolution counter shall be rejected
29. Each concrete sample taken maximum delivery of each day  (115 m3 or less)
30. 95 % density is the minimum compaction required for select fill materials
31. FDT is field density test
32. Proctor value is the moisture relationship
33. 70% is the minimum relative density test for cohesion less soil
34. 85% is the min relative density required for under heavy loads foundation
35. 600 mm is min. select fill shall use for min thick under foundation , slab on grade , spread foundation. Civil Engineering Basics
36. 0 mm to 38 mm is the rough grading under foundation tolerance minimum
37. 0 mm to 25 mm is the fine grading under foundation tolerance minimum
38. 50mm lean concrete or 0.15mm vapor barrier is the minimum requirement of protection of concrete under foundation.
39. 150 mm is the minimum overlapped joint size of vapor barrier
40. 200 mm is the maximum layer of select fill
41. 250 mm in 2 layer is the maximum layer of base course
42. 100% is the minimum density of base course
43. 50 mm sieve is the minimum passing grade of se
44. Coated rebar shall be stored off the ground on protective cribbing about 300 mm height minimum
45. FBE coated rebar stored in outdoor without protection not more than 2 months
46.  The maximum amount of damages coating shall not exceed 1% with 300 length
47. The FBE coated bars shall not be cut with flame
48. Grade 60 (165.5 MPA) is the grade of rebar’s
49. Stress and strength is the grade. Practical Knowledge of Civil Engineering
50. Runway and formwork shall not supported on the reinforcing bar
51. Water stopper is required for watertight construction
52. Joint sealer shall be elastic type
53. Form coating shall be applied before rebar placed
54. 75 mm min. concrete cover (Spicer)permanently exposed to earth
55. 50 mm min. concrete cover exposed to whether
56. 100 mm is min. clear distance from anchor bolts or sleeves to edge of concrete
57. 20 mm is min. anchor bolt size
58. Construction joint shall be max. of 6 meter
59. Control joint shall be max. of 1.5 meter
60. Expansion joint shall be used in paving adjacent as per construction drawing
61. All concrete surface direct to earth shall be coated with APCS 3 ( 2 coats bitumen )
62. Racking shall be used to move the concrete is not permitted
63. Vibrator shall not used to move the concrete inside forms is not permitted
64. Re-tempering of concrete is not permitted
65. Pre-cast concrete or mortar blocks spacer or bar supports are not permitted
66. Embedded sleeves are galvanized/PVC
67. 1 each/180m2 is the minimum compaction test required for road / under paving
68. 300 mm (12”) is the depth of test holes max.
69. Nuclear density gage shall have valid calibration certificate
70. Compacted sub-grade level tolerance shall be 6 mm max. ( 3 m. straight edge )
71. Water content of base or sub base materials maintained to with + or – 1.5 % of optimum moisture. Civil Engineering Tips for Students
72. Thin layer of fine materials adding to the top of base course materials is not permitted
73. The prime coats applied by pressure distributor at the rate of .65 ltr to 1.75 ltr. / m2
74. The prime coat MC 70 temperature shall be 50 deg. C to 80 deg. C
75. The prime coat shall be applied both side over the minimum of 300 mm
76. The prime coat ( MC 70 ) minimum curing time is 24 hrs.
77. MC is medium curing. Civil Engineer Must Know
78. 16 deg. C minimum is the atmospheric temperature to apply the prime coat
79. During raining , foggy , sandstorm prime coats application is not permitted
80. Prime coat ( MC 70 ) to apply asphalt base course is not permitted
81. RC is rapid curing. Practical Knowledge of Civil Engineering
82. 0.25 liter /M2 is the minimum rate of tack coats application
83. 70 deg. C is the maximum temperature of RC prior to apply
84. 3 days max. is the max. time allowed to application of asphalt on the tack coats
85. Asphalt core compaction shall be 96% Marshall density
86. The surface of pavement variation allowed about + or – 4mm to 3mm at 4 meter
87. Without covering of asphalt in the truck shall be not accepted
88. Hot mix asphalt temperature shall be until the last delivery about 139 deg. C to 163 deg. C
89. Each test sample taken from paving area to be 1 sample /200 ton
90. The asphalt placing only allowed the atmosphere temp. is more than 4 deg. C
91. 80 mm is the maximum thickness of asphalt layer
92. 40 mm is the minimum thickness of asphalt layer
93. Any asphalt pavements contacts with pipeline shall be Cathodically protected
94. Gypsum Board metal stud spacing is about 400mm /600mm
95. Doors, windows opening area to be use Double studs
96. The fire rated gypsum board shall be continue until the end of wall
97. The normal gypsum board wall shall be continue 50 mm minimum from ceiling
98. Red is the color code of fire rated gypsum board
99. Green is the color code of water resistant gypsum board
100. Blue is the color code of regular gypsum board
101. 15 feet’s is the minimum expansion joint length of gypsum board wall

Conclusion:

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